The AI terms that
actually matter.
Clear, technical definitions of 146 key concepts — written by AI engineers, not marketers.
Google Veo
Veo is Google DeepMind's family of text-to-video and image-to-video models, now at version 3.1, that generates synchronized audio (dialogue, sound effects, ambience) in the same call as the video and supports reference-image-guided, multi-shot generation through Flow, the Gemini API, and Vertex AI.
Read definitionGPT-6 Astra
GPT-6 Astra is OpenAI's frontier model, released on September 3, 2026, designed around sustained computer use and multi-step professional work rather than single-turn chat. It pairs a 1,050,000 token context window with five selectable reasoning effort levels, and it is the first OpenAI model classified at the Critical cybersecurity capability tier under the Preparedness Framework.
Read definitionGPT-OSS Series
OpenAI's first open-weight reasoning model family gpt-oss-120b and gpt-oss-20b released under Apache 2.0, bringing frontier-level intelligence to self-hosted deployments.
Read definitionGraphRAG
GraphRAG is an advanced retrieval technique that builds a knowledge graph from source documents — extracting entities, relationships, and community summaries — then uses that graph structure to answer complex, multi-hop questions that traditional vector-search RAG cannot handle well.
Read definitionGroup Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO)
GRPO is a reinforcement learning algorithm that trains a policy by sampling a group of outputs per prompt and computing each one's advantage relative to the group's own mean reward, removing PPO's separate critic network entirely. It is the RL backbone behind DeepSeekMath, DeepSeek-R1, and most 2025-2026 open reasoning models.
Read definitionGrouped Query Attention (GQA)
Grouped Query Attention (GQA) is the attention variant behind nearly every serving-optimized LLM today: it splits query heads into groups that each share one key/value head, shrinking the KV cache and memory-bandwidth cost of inference while keeping quality close to full multi-head attention.
Read definitionHalf-Duplex Agent
A half-duplex agent is a voice AI system that speaks and listens one at a time, like a walkie-talkie — waiting for the user to finish before responding — as opposed to a full-duplex agent, which can listen and speak simultaneously.
Read definitionHermes Agent
Hermes Agent is an open-source, self-improving AI agent built by Nous Research that runs as a local gateway process, remembers across sessions, writes its own reusable skills, and reaches you through Telegram, Discord, Slack, WhatsApp, Signal, or the CLI.
Read definitionHiggsfield
Higgsfield is an AI-native creative platform that layers a proprietary 'reasoning engine' and cinematography controls (Cinema Studio, Soul ID) on top of 50+ third-party and in-house video and image models like Sora, Veo, Kling, and Seedance, letting brands generate consistent, camera-directed video without touching any single model's raw API.
Read definitionHNSW (Hierarchical Navigable Small Worlds)
HNSW is a graph-based approximate nearest neighbour (ANN) algorithm that organizes vectors into layered, navigable small-world graphs, enabling logarithmic-time similarity search over billions of embeddings — the default indexing strategy in nearly every production vector database.
Read definitionHuman-in-the-Loop (HITL)
Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) is an architectural pattern and risk management strategy where human judgment, oversight, and intervention are intentionally integrated into an AI system’s lifecycle to ensure accuracy, safety, and alignment.
Read definitionHybrid Search
Hybrid search runs lexical retrieval (typically BM25) and semantic retrieval (dense vector search) against the same query, then fuses the two ranked lists into one, combining exact-term precision with conceptual recall. It has become the default recommendation, not an advanced option, across nearly every major vector database as of 2025-2026.
Read definitionStay ahead of the curve
Weekly newsletter on agentic AI, LLMs, and what we're building at Superteams — straight to your inbox.
Ready to ship AI in production?
We deploy fractional AI teams that deliver production-grade systems in 30–90 days. No fluff, no obligation.